this was my very first JBP

YukiShiro

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Location
Hennops River Valley,Gauteng,South Africa
USDA Zone
8b
Bare in mind that this was my first one, so I may have made some mistakes. Any comments and or advice welcome!

A bit of history:

I bought this pine as a seedling two years ago. The guy I bought it from only told me to cut back to the previous years growth in spring. It has never been fertilized or decandled. I plan to fertilize it this year and pump it up so that I can decandle it next year. The only thing I've done so far is to needle pluck and wire it just before winter set in.
I used rafia underneath the wire because I wanted to protect the bark from wire bite as I'm going to leave the wire on for a whole growing season
 

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yup,sounds like a plan to me.I like training small pine.Fertilize good and it should grow buds in them needles by fall.Pines swell up in mid to late summer,so take off wire before then.
 
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Pines swell up in mid to late summer,so take off wire before then.

Will the branches and trunk have set into place by then? I used rafia so that I can leave the wire on longer. The trunk is getting rather thick and stiff and I don't want to use an even thicker guage of wire next winter. I would want the trunk set firmly in place so that, the section that I've wired, do not require wiring again.
 
Will the branches and trunk have set into place by then? I used rafia so that I can leave the wire on longer. The trunk is getting rather thick and stiff and I don't want to use an even thicker guage of wire next winter. I would want the trunk set firmly in place so that, the section that I've wired, do not require wiring again.
I always wire in fall and winter then remove it in mid summer of following yearand it always set's.In fact that is what I was taught in one of my bonsai books.I would be scared to leave it longer for fear that the plant would get squashed under all that wire.If it don't set completely you coul re-apply rather loosly.I know my pines go through a pretty dramatic swelling though in mid to late summer,especially when young.
 
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Yeah I've seen the fattening up you are talking about. It happens around late summer early autumn here. I heed your words cmeg, and I do have a lot of wire on there, don't I ? Lol. Will take it off early February at the latest
 
When did you put all that wire on? You really over did it.:)

Some suggestions: look at your lower trunk. It grows straight up for 2 or 3 inches, and then the curves begin. Your curves are nice, but it would look more natural if it emerged from the nebari at an angle to the ground.

Unless you are making radical bends on old wood, there's no need to use the raffia. Wiring is not a "do once and it's done" affair. You will wire, remove wire, wire again, remove wire many, many times over the life of this tree. So, typically we wire in the fall, leave the wire on over the winter and spring, then take the wire off early summer if the wire is beginning to cut in. If the wire is not cutting in, you can leave it. You'll know if it's cutting in if it look "flat" on the side next to the tree.

Did you use aluminum wire? For pines, copper is better. Annealed copper is soft when you put it on, but as you bend it (coil it around the branches) it stiffens up. So, it holds better. You can use LESS wire, and THINNER wire than aluminum. Plus, it "stays bent" better than aluminum.

The rafia is preventing back budding. The trick with pines is to keep green growth close to the trunk on the branches. Pines, left on their own, become "leggy", with all the needles at the end of the branches, and "hollow" inside. Our mission, as bonsai artists, is to force the tree to keep good healthy twigs and needles in the interior of the canopy. We cut back the growth on the outside to encourage the interior buds to grow. One of the things we rely on to aid in this effort is back budding. That is when sunlight penetrates into the interior of the tree and stimulates a dormant bud to grow. Covering the wood with raffia prevents this.

Look at your two primary branches. It would appear there is a distance of 2 or 3 inches between the trunk and where the first branching begins. On a tree that size, there should be two or three branches off the main branches on that bare space. Hopefully, once you remove the raffia, the sunlight might stimulate some back budding along there.

It's hard to see with all the wire and raffia, but I suspect that you really need some girth in the trunk. This can only be done by letting a branch or two grow unchecked for several years. Your tree is pretty sparce, you don't have any "extra" branches that you could let grow as sacrifice branches. It there is one, let it grow. Also, to this end, you need to encourage growth as much as you can. There's no need for needle pulling on this baby, it needs all the energy it can get.

Fertilizing. Please do. It's a common misconception that we keep bonsai small by withholding fertilizer. We stress our trees by keeping them in small pots and prune, wire, decandle, etc. They need all the food we can force in them. Please fertilize. Heavy. It will help build that trunk, too.

Now, please don't think I'm being overcritical. You obviously have a good eye! And kudos to you for trying a pine! Pines take years if not decades to develop, and this little tree is off to a good start.

Brian has a great PDF tutorial on his web site about training pines. check out www.nebaribonsai.com and follow along as he shows how he developed a very nice pine over 3 or 4 seasons.

Good luck!
 
Thanks for the good advice Adair!

I wish I could find copper in all the sizes needed for cheap enough. Just not possible here...

As for the fert. I didn't want to fertilize it because I didn't know what kind of fert to use and how much. I knew nothing of pines at the time, so I decided to hold off until I found the correct fertilizer.

Okay... New plan, or slightly altered plan lol

No needle pulling...
Wire comes off in december not feb.
I put in some slow release 2:3:2 fert and once a week I apply a solution of 30:10:10. I have done this since the candles started growing

One question though:
A local bonsai expert told me to apply the fert solution as foliar feeding, is this the correct way? Because it kind of felt dum to me to do it that way...since plants don't really take up much nutrients through their leaves, plus pines have needles so the area of effect is even smaller :? I just throw it into the pot for the roots to take it up...

Next question lol:
Should I decandle later than normal because it is a shohin? (For next year)

Seasons: spring starts 1st September
Summer starts 1st December
Autumn starts 1st April
Winter starts 1st May

This may vary quite a bit though. But our growing season is about 6months give or take
 
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Mr Kawabe advices to let swell a bit the bark on the wire for pines. He says that after that the bark looks older faster.
 
I will never let any wire bite into any of my trees...it damages the cambium a lot and it buggers up the transporting of nutrients...all for a shortcut to have nice bark faster at the cost of the health of the tree? No thanx...
 
Yuki,

Wire biting into the bark (or really, the tree swelling around the wire) doesn't really hurt the tree. It's just unsightly. The Japanese bonsai nurseries intentionally wire young stock on Japanese white pine grafts on JBP stock, and leave the wire on to permanently scar up the trunk. Sometimes it turns out nice, sometimes not. They do this by the thousands. The wire just gets "consumed" by the tree, and will always be there. They've done it this way for generations.

I fertilize my JBP with granular 10-10-10, Miracle-Gro "Shake and Feed" (little blue pellets), liquid fish emulsion every week or so, and organic bonsai cakes.

At this stage, I wouldn't worry about the exact timing of decandlng. Shohin trees would normally get decandled later in the growing season than bigger trees so they would have a shorter growing season for the second set of needles. Thus creating shorter needles.

But this tree is no where near being ready for training for needle length. You need to GROW this tree. It needs trunk. And unfortunately, decandling suppresses growth. You really need to let some branches grow unchecked for 4 to 5 years. If you want, you can keep other branches contained by decandling, etc. Sure, the tree will look really strange for that period of time, but at the end, you'll have something.

About copper wire. Can you order from the internet? That's how I got my wire.
 
I almost always leave the wire on my conifers until it is biting into the bark a bit...more so for the larger, collected junipers. As others have mentioned, it fixes the branch in place and adds age and interest to the branch in question. Your tree is very early in it's development so this is less of an issue right now, and if you did have some wire damage, it will diappear in a few seasons as the branch thickens or when the tree starts to bark up. I also wanted to tell you that I have always used aluminum wire for my trees. Adair is correct in saying that copper is the prefered wire for conifers as it is stronger and you will ultimately use significantly less wire. The key is applying it correctly, whether using copper or aluminum, using the smallest guage of wire that will do the job and placing it on the trunk and branches so it mechanically will do what you need it to do. This comes with experience. I would suggest that your wiring wasn't all that bad, but you were forced to apply about twice as much wire as necessary because your coils were placed too close to each other...applying the wire at approx. a 45 degree angle will make it much more effective at holding curves. Don't worry, practice makes perfect, so keep wiring. Also, try to find images of branches and whole trees wired by professional bonsai artists. I taught myself to wire by studying the articles and associated pictures in the now defunct Bonsai Today magazine. Good luck,

Dave
 
Dave, any experience with leaving wire on Ponderosa Pines?...when they are growing, backbudding and healthy? I put some copper wire on a Pondy last winter and it's still not biting in, and in fact, one branch seems to have gotten strong enough to straighten out a bit even with the wire on...I prob. put one size g. too small on it in the first place I figured.
 
Dave, any experience with leaving wire on Ponderosa Pines?...when they are growing, backbudding and healthy? I put some copper wire on a Pondy last winter and it's still not biting in, and in fact, one branch seems to have gotten strong enough to straighten out a bit even with the wire on...I prob. put one size g. too small on it in the first place I figured.

My one and only ponderosa was wired back in 2008, before I moved to GA...the wires are still there. Mind you, this has never been a vigorous tree for me. Still, I wouldn't be surprised to hear that some folks routinely leave wire on their pondies for 2 years, maybe longer.
 
Thanks Dave. Good to know. What's funny is the new Pond. tree I got from Andy's burlap sale this spring is growing quicker and is back budding more than one that's been established a couple yrs. The growth rate is quite variable it seems, though the reason is b/c I think the burlapped tree is in a much better draining substrate.
 
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