Only one way to fix it: get better trees.
You can do this multiple ways though- sure the most obvious way is to drop serious coin on manicured specimens where someone else has done all the work for you!
That is the most expensive way, the fastest way and the most reliable way but not the ONLY way. I have nothing against doing it that way, I have a few trees that were "finished" when I aquitpred them and am adding another soon- but I think other options are more "fun"!
You can also collect trees from the wild! You live in Va, right? How close are you to the mountains? Know anybody with land up in the mountains? Virginia Pine (and many other varieties of pine), Hemlocks, Maples... All sorts of cool trees grow in the mountains around there! Got get one (or ten)! Find stuff on a hillside, clinging to life with some age and movement. Or, go find a swamp, see if there are any Bald Cypress close by... I believe they have a range up into your state... You can probably tell me more than I can name about the types of trees you can find growing in your area... someone mentioned landscape contractors- "Urban Yamadori" is a great source as well if you don't want to make a trip to the mountains or trudge around in a swamp... Find an old landscape Juniper, Japanese Maple, Crepe Myrtle... Look around. Finding trees with size and age can Save you decades of ground growing!
That option is generally free, gives you larger more mature stock than you can usually find even at a nursery (which finding good Bonsai at a regular nursery is POSSIBLE, just not common) and saves you years over another option you have:
Grow your own stock from young trees or even SEED. You get control over every step of the development! Wire a seedling up when it is young, force it to grow how you want it to grow, and let it run in the ground or a large container for years to get it to the size you want, then start working it down to a Bonsai pot. This is a rewarding though TIME CONSUMING option. I feel most people should try this at least a few times to try to learn the process from the ground up! And, if we had more people growing Bonsai for seedlings. We'd have more stock around that was grown with the intention of BEING a Bonsai from day one which would be a nice thing too...
That last step could be applied to a few of your trees to improve them even at the age they are now. Too often we tend to slap a tree in a small restrictive pot before they should be in an attempt to "have more Bonsai". Development slows/ STOPS when we do that and that is what leads us to the point you described yourself in today- "years later... Still crappy"! Got to do something to change the trees you have if you want to keep them and improve them. From what I can see most the moves you have made involved wire that isn't quite bending branches that may be too large to bend, or moving immature trees into Bonsai pots which isn't going to get you anywhere.
I am not going to blow smoke at you, give you an internet hug and tell you "your trees are nice, don't worry"... Because I don't think that is true. You nailed it- they are pretty much crap. A few have some potential but need a lot of work! Get better stock to start out with, get some professional training by attendi Bonsai events seminars... Read some books... Combine better trees with better care and you will make better Bonsai.