Sorry I missed this earlier!
(1) Don't remove anything from the pot. An organic fertilizer (by its very nature) will dissolve into nothingness given time and Mother Nature (nitrifying bacteria, etc). Most importantly, some compounds take longer to break down than others. If you remove the fertilizer before it has completely broken down, you may be removing some of the elements you need. If you apply the fertilizer at a low rate, it should not clog your soil. If you feel this might be a problem, you can try different recipes to cake your fertilizer and cut it into solid cubes, which helps keep it from filtering into your soil and clogging it. Or, you can buy some fertilizer baskets / cages to maintain it while it breaks down.
(2) I'm not certain about the Miracle Grow claims, other than to admit that I used it on my landscape citrus and got good results
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I think fertilizer is fertilizer, more or less, and a plant will take up what it needs as long as it is available. I think it is much more important that your soil and water pH is conducive to chemical exchange - and citrus require acidic soil to pull up the iron and potassium they need. When I first moved to SoCal and started to grow citrus, I was frustrated because my trees did not do well, despite irrigation and lots of fertilizer. After several years, and talking to local pros, I realized it wasn't fertilizer I needed - it was soil / water acidifier. Once I got the pH of the soil down, the trees grew like crazy - and I applied far less fertilizer.