It’s algae. Won’t really harm the tree. Means the bark remains moist constantly
You can remove it with a soft nylon toothbrush and water. However using a brush will also remove some of the bark possibly A LOT of the bark if you scrub too much
Since Harlandii boxwood develops old looking bark as a feature, you might proceed cautiously. Old Boxwood of most any type with deep textured bark has this issue.