Living tissue is no guarantee for survival or succesful rescues.
I think of it pretty binary:
Conifers - if you need a scratch test and the foliage is dead, it's beyond saving.
I find twig dessiccation more reliable in pines, if the twigs go wrinkly it's time to act fast. Recovery might be possible.
In junipers it's the foliage that tells a story. I have trunks that have been sawed bare two years ago and they're still green beneath the bark. But nothing will grow on them. How the foliage declines is a good indicator; if it dries to a crisp while staying green, no need to try. If it goes brown, there is a chance.
Deciduous - if you need a scratch test, and the foliage is dead, it might survive. If all the buds that form immediately abort or dry out, or the foliage drops right after leafing out, then it's a small chance.
But deciduous are a side husstle to me. I rarely kill those because I don't have many.